Population

The term population derives from the Latin “populatĭo,-ōnis” which means “action and effect of population.” The population is a set of individuals living in a precise place.In sociological and biological terms, the population is seen as a group of elements whether people or organisms of a certain species, living in a geographical space.In the statistical field, meanwhile, the concept of population is composed for certain elements such as the individual, statistics, sample and population parameters.On the other hand the science responsible for studying it is called demography and is characterized by doing so from a statistical approach.

What is Population

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The term population refers to a group of elements (living or not) that occupy a place in space .On many occasions the population definition is associated with a group of houses, something similar or to the word "locality" where the number of inhabitants is determined through censuses.

At present, the absolute population of the planet is 7300 million people (this according to the census that was carried out in 2018), the countries with the largest number of inhabitants are: China (the population of China is 1415 million inhabitants and represents a fifth of the total worldwide), India (1354 million people), United States (with about 326 million inhabitants), Indonesia (266 million), Brazil (210 million inhabitants), Pakistan (200 million people), Nigeria (205 million) and Bangladesh (166 million.)

For its part Mexico is the second country in Latin America with the largest number of inhabitants and the first among Spanish-speaking countries.This is one of the countries with the highest Population growth presented during the twentieth century regarding the number of people.The population of Mexico currently exceeds l 124 million people with a current growth rate ranging from 1.5 to 1.6%.

The evolution, growth or population decline is not only governed by the balance of births and deaths, but also for the migration balance, that is, the contrast between immigration and emigration ; intergenerational overlap and life expectancy.

What is Population Density

Population density is the term that describes the total number of people or elements divided by the km² of the area that these individuals occupy.Currently, the countries with the highest population density are the so-called microstates, such as Singapore, Monaco, the Vatican and Malta, while the countries with the highest also, the one with the highest density is Bangladesh (Asia).

Population density is expressed in relative terms (individuals per km²), which is why it is used for analysis among the demographic data of all countries, or regions worldwide.This concept has few inferences, both economic, political and cultural, since there are countries with low population density, but which can be both rich and poor, as well as there are also states with high density that they can also be poor and rich, but it should be noted that this element is useful for governments, especially when planning areas such as education, administrative, political, fiscal, health, among others.

What is the Population and Sample

Elements of a Population

These are those individual components that make up the population.In the statistical field, It is considered as a population any complete group, be it animal, thing or people, that is, the total of the factors under consideration.The elements that compose it are the following:

Individual

All living beings, regardless of the biological complexity of their systems, are considered individuals, it has the capacity to perform vital functions, such as relating, reproducing or feeding.Individuals of each species have differential characters that distinguish them from others is species, such as a dog, cat, iguana or chicken.However, it is important to clarify that within the statistic, an individual is considered whatever exists, regardless of whether it is alive or not, be it a house, a car, and even things as abstract as the senses, the vote, the temperature, etc.

Population

It is the group of elements of the same species, which are located within the same geographical area at a given time.Although it is commonly related to people, it can be composed of any type of components.

Some examples of population can be the inhabitants of a state, as well as the cars that were made in a factory during a certain period of time.

This can be classified into two types according to its size:

Infinite Population

It is when the number of individuals that compose it is infinite or failing that, the amount is so large that it is considered as such.An example can be the amount of living organisms that exist in the sea, which, despite having a limit, its number is so large that it is considered infinite.

Finite Population

As its name indicates, its number of elements is limited For example, the number of police officers in a police station.

Sample

It is any fragment of a locality, if the elements that make up the sample have been selected randomly and with the same possibilities will be defined as a simple random sample.It should be clarified that in the statistics representative samples are usually used, this is due to the fact that there are several factors that condition the ability to work with all the elements of the metropolis.The procedure used to select these types of samples is known as sampling.

Parameter

This agent is a indicator that represents the population and that is select for further study.

Statistics

It is the factor that describes the sample, it can be used to To make calculations of the corresponding population parameter.This science is responsible for the collection and order of the data and then elaborate analysis and finally interpret them.

The Pyramids of Population

It call a population pyramid to a graph where the population distribution is represented according to the age range and sex of the people.It is simply a double frequency histogram, on the left side of it is located female settlement, while on the right, the male settlement.

Stationary Population Pyramid

The stationary or stagnant population pyramid has a bulb shape and is characterized by its base and center they are of the same size, which indicates that there is no increase in any of their levels or in their ranges of appreciation, that is, that birth and mortality are maintained with the longevity of its inhabitants.In it you can see the balance between e groups dades , this pyramid is usually related to developing countries.It is characteristic of populations that do not have sequences in demographic transitions.

Progressive Population Pyramid

It is one that has a form of pagoda, its base is represented wider with a rise that decreases, that is, at its summit is narrower, thus representing the youngest city in growth and with a high birth rate, this reads as information towards the future of rapid expansion or demographic growth, thus giving the typical model of a country in the process of constant or underdeveloped development, where there are high birth rates, but with low life expectancy, since the mortality rate is high.They tend to be young countries, which is why they have high growth.

Pyramid of Regressive Population

It is a type of population pyramid that mostly represents the developing countries two and in those where its greater number of inhabitants is of adult-major (aged countries), for different reasons, such as the mass exodus of young people, high mortality in young people, among others.It is characterized by the fact that in the upper levels it is wider and its base is narrow, as a consequence of the low birth rate and the high levels of constant aging in the population, which is why its future hope is in decline , with zero or negative growth.

Demography: Population Studies

It is the science that is responsible for studying statistically the human population , among the which can be mentioned those that determine the conservation, formation and disappearance of the population, such as mortality, mobility and fertility.

Demography studies man in all the elements of his reality, is say as a member of a group of which he is a part only because he was born and of which he ceases to belong when he dies.

Some of the demographic studies of recent years have shown that Brazil has incorporated 2.7 million people to the total city of the world, a data provided by the World Center for Demographic Reference.Brazil is the fifth most populous country in the world, the second in America and the first in Spanish, followed by Mexico.

America is the third continent with the largest number of people, contributing 1007 million it is, surpassed by Africa and Asia with 1275 and 4550 million inhabitants respectively.